These electronic components are basic electronic parts packaged in a discrete form with two or more connecting leads or metallic pads. Transformer can increase or decrease the voltage with corresponding decrease or increase in current. Electronic components function depends on type and need of the circuit. A standard utility transformer will be made up of a steel core, copper primary and secondary windings, a case, entry bushings to insulate the winding connections from the case, often an amount of cooling oil with radiators and fans to cool the mac. Download as doc, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. The main components of the transformer are as follows. Pretend, for a moment, that electricity travels through hollow pipes like water. Package quantity part number welded part number clamped 8. A transformers function is to maintain a current of electricity by transferring energy between two or more circuits.
A transformer has no internal moving parts, and it transfers energy from one circuit to. You will have sufficient understanding to be able to apply your knowledge to the isolation of equipment. Inspect transformer and parts for shipping damage and moisture. What is distribution substation and its main components. Transformers either increases or decreases ac voltage. This is accomplished through a process known as electromagnetic induction.
The primary winding is connected to a 60 hertz ac voltage source. Components and substations for electrical transmission and. Parts of a transformer miracle electronics devices pvt. The principle parts of a transformer and their functions are. Jul 28, 2019 the function of a transformer is to step up or step down alternating voltage while maintaining power at the same level. Because when hot oil expand, air go out from transformer and when oil contracts after cooling, air enters in transformer. Apart from that it also acts as a coolant and arc suppressor also. Main components of a power transformer electric equipment. Table of contents dmos200 cdmos200 vmos200 cvmos200 service manual s72m194dmos2e microwave oven cook dmos200 models cdmos200 vmos200 cvmos200 dmos200 model shown in the interest of usersafety the oven should be restored to its original condition and only parts identical to those specified should be used. A transformer s function is to maintain a current of electricity by transferring energy between two or more circuits. The core, which makes a path for the magnetic flux. Assume two pipes are filled with water and one pipe has very rough walls. A wide variety of electrical transformers parts options are available to you, such as current, power, and instrument. Transformers have been an essential component in electrical and electronic.
Understanding all these parts of a transformer will help you understand transformers and their functions much better. Abb offers both high voltage and low voltage bushings designed for use in pad or surface mounted transformers. Jul 22, 2019 the transformer s core and winding must be completely immersed in the oil. A transformer is an electrical device which, by the principles of electromagnetic induction, transfers electrical energy from one electric circuit to another, without changing the frequency.
A basic transformer consists of two windings around a shared core. Electrical circuits on different pieces of equipment will have similarities. Identification of the types of system earthing arrangements is thus defined by 2 letters. These parts and accessories are illustrated and labeled on the previous page. Transformers objectives after studying this unit, the student will be able to state the purpose of a transformer. Its mean air go in or out from transformer with the help of breather. Here we discuss different types of transformers are the step up and step down transformer, distribution transformer, potential transformer, power transformer, 1. State the physical characteristics of a transformer, including.
That is, if voltage is doubled, current will be halved. The electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers. In coretype transformer, the windings are given to a considerable part of the core. The source winding is known as the primary winding and the winding delivering power is known as the secondary winding. Hvlv transformer and the earthing of the exposed conductive parts of the installation. Power transformers are used to increase or decrease the alternating voltages in electric power applications. Dec 25, 2018 the electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers. Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. This principle is explained in further detail below. The enclosure, which protects the transformer from dirt, moisture, and mechanical damage. The primary coil, which receives energy from the ac source.
Note that single phase stepdown transformer can also be used as a stepup transformer simply by reversing its connections and making the low voltage winding its primary, and vice versa as long as the transformer is operated within its original va design rating. This is generally placed above the level of the conservatory tank. The primary function of the transformer is insulation. The doiii fuse holder is designed for use at voltages up to 23 kv linetoground and 150 kv bil. A transformer is an electrical apparatus designed to convert alternating current from one voltage to another. The transformer core is built of iron or steel, and it provides the magnetic circuit to link the transformer windings. All the transformer main components are discussed core. Basics, maintenance, and diagnostics vii contents continued page 4. Secondary winding figure 147 in most transformers, the two windings are placed one over the other to reduce energy losses. Supertigre warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of three 3 years from the date of purchase. Refer to the transformer circuit in figure 51 as you read the following explanation. The bushings insulate the current carrying conductor from the tank. Therefore, a change in voltage causes reverse change in current.
Windings form another important part of transformers. These electronic components are basic electronic parts packaged in a discrete form with two or. Transformers explaining the basics of transformers. Introduction a electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction is know as power transformer.
The working principle of a transformer is very simple. The secondary coil, which receives energy from the primary winding and delivers it to the load. Electrical substation components and their workings. Know about different types of transformers and its uses transformer one of oldest innovations in electrical engineering. Oil contamination is a serious problem because contamination robs the oil of its dielectric properties and renders it useless as an insulating medium. The transformers are classified based on voltage levels, core medium used, winding arrangements, use and installation place, etc. Auto transformer an auto transformer is a transformer with only one winding wound on a laminated core. Natural cooling evaporating point of transformer oil is above 200 deg.
Sep 25, 2014 the transformer is housed in a thin sheet metal box open at both ends through which air is blown from the bottom to the top. Basics, maintenance, and diagnostics ix contents continued page 6. Transformer is a static device and doesnt contain on rotating parts, hence no friction losses, which convert electrical power from one circuit to another without changing its frequency. Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. Transformers are used to meet a wide variety of needs. Electrical transformer basic construction, working and. The electronic component known as the resistor is best described as electrical friction. Normally, hydrocarbon mineral oils are used as transformer oil. According to the design, transformers can be classified into two. Transformers are essential parts of our electric power infrastructure and transformer components such as bushings, tapchangers, insulation and accessories are essential parts of transformers, ensuring they operate reliably and safely.
It would be easy to say that it is more difficult to push the water. Note the fused cutout and lighting arrestor combination external to the transformer. Transformers can be classified by the following factors. Three phase transformer normally, when threephase is required, a single enclosure with three primary and three secondary windings wound on a common core is all that is required.
A part of the winding is common to both primary and secondary sides. The process of electromagnetic induction, through which electricity reacts to. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the system. An auto transformer is similar to a two winding transformer but differ in the way the primary and secondary winding are interrelated. A transformer has no moving parts and is a completely static solid state device, which insures, under normal operating conditions, a long and troublefree life. Some transformers can be several stories high, like the type found at a generating station or small enough to hold in your hand, which might be used with the charging cradle for a video camera.
Generally, the primary winding of a transformer is connected to the input voltage supply and converts or. Different types of transformers and their applications. Apr 28, 2016 power transformer parts and functions 1. Parts and its functions of wind turbine gear wind turbine. What are main transformer parts microcontrollers lab. It is most commonly used to increase step up or decrease step down voltage levels between circuits. A transformer is an electrical device that can be used to transfer the power from one circuit and another circuit without physical contact and without changing its characteristics like frequency, phase. Electrical substation components list diagram, working. Nov 17, 2019 a transformer is a static device which transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through the process of electromagnetic induction. This part of the xmer contains the assembly of the core and the winding which is immersed in insulation oil. Which is expressed in kilovoltamperes kva or megavolts amperes mva, and indicates the amount of power that can be transferred through the transformer. Basic elevator components part one electrical knowhow.
It consists, in its simplest form, of two or more coils of insulated wire wound on a laminated steel core. I will add the functions of each part of the transformer. Say you have one winding also known as a coil which is supplied by an alternating electrical source. The types of transformers differ in the manner in which the primary and secondary coils are provided around the laminated steel core. Some welding machines use a transformer to convert the high voltage current from the wall outlet into a lower voltage current for output. A transformer is a passive electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another, or multiple circuits. Coupled with an ammeter, cts are used to protect the main lines of the power grid, by measuring highvoltage electrical current and preventing damage to sensitive equipment. The energy transfer usually takes place with a change of voltage and current.
Working principle, construction and types of transformer. The function of a transformer is to step up or step down alternating voltage while maintaining power at the same level. It can be designed to step up or step down voltages and works on the magnetic induction principle. This is the first component in an electrical substation, and the main function of these components is to protect the components of the substation from passing high voltage as well as stops the amplitude and duration of the flow of current. Nov 04, 2018 this 3d animated video discusses the three main types of transformers used in the power engineering industry, their parts and functions. Electrical transformer is a static electrical machine which transforms electrical power from one circuit to another circuit, without changing the frequency. Mutual induction between two or more windings also known as coils allows for electrical energy to be transferred between circuits. A transformer has no moving parts and is a completely. The transformer coils or windings provide the electrical circuit for current flow in the transformer. A current transformer, abbreviated ct, is a type of transformer used to measure the current of a given circuit. Parts of transformer pdf parts of transformer pdf parts of transformer pdf download. What are the main parts of transformer and construction base on electrical transformer along with their functions. The boiling hot oil from the transformer is expelled during internal faults through the explosion vent to avoid explosion of the transformer. Understanding the function of each of these components will help you better understand how to troubleshoot a circuit.
Tikhodeev encyclopedia of life support systems eolss into substation equipment systems. Most circuits will have resistors, capacitors, relays, contactors, switches, and transformers. Sep 20, 2017 parts of a power transformer and it s functions. An auto transformer is a transformer with only one winding wound on a laminated core. The transformer the principle parts of a transformer and their functions are. This includes tap changers, bushings, insulation material and distribution components. A varying current in any one coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux in the transformers core, which induces a varying electromotive force across any other coils wound around the same core.
During that time, we will repair or replace, at our option, any product. The coils used for this transformer are formwound and are of cylindrical type. Important components of a substation with functions and responsibilities. Jul 30, 2015 a standard utility transformer will be made up of a steel core, copper primary and secondary windings, a case, entry bushings to insulate the winding connections from the case, often an amount of cooling oil with radiators and fans to cool the mac. This will include all major types of stepdown regulating transformer. When the temperature of the oil rises the hot oil naturally rises to the top and the cold oil at the top moves downward. Take a few moments to familiarize yourself with the parts of the transformer hd device and its accessories. In particular, if a coil rotates in the presence of a magnetic field, the induced emf varies sinusoidally with time and leads to an alternating current ac, and provides a source of ac. Transformer function is based on the principle that electrical energy is. Audio transformers often perform several functions at once. Nov 17, 2015 main components of a power transformer figure 4. Apr, 2019 we are a participant in the amazon services llc associates program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to and affiliated sites.